🧬 Solved MCQs Chapter 01
Biology 9th Federal Board
1️⃣ What is the study of the functions of various organs of an organism called?
- A) Morphology
- B) Histology
- C) Anatomy
- D) Physiology ✅
Explanation: Physiology is the branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.
2️⃣ Histology refers to the microscopic study of...?
- A) Tissues ✅
- B) Cells
- C) Fossils
- D) Plants
Explanation: Histology is the detailed study of the structure of tissues using a microscope.
3️⃣ Paleontology is the study of...?
- A) Environment
- B) Development
- C) Fossils ✅
- D) Animals
Explanation: Paleontology involves the study of fossils to understand the history of life on Earth.
4️⃣ What is another name for Environmental Biology?
- A) Ecology ✅
- B) Biotechnology
- C) Microbiology
- D) Cell Biology
Explanation: Ecology is the scientific study of organisms and how they interact with their environment.
5️⃣ What does microbiology focus on?
- A) Fungi
- B) Animals
- C) Plants
- D) Microorganisms ✅
Explanation: Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and algae.
6️⃣ A scientist inserting a human insulin gene into bacteria is working in which field?
- A) Anatomy
- B) Physiology
- C) Biotechnology ✅
- D) Pharmacy
Explanation: This is a biotechnology technique where genetic material is inserted into organisms to produce useful products like insulin.
7️⃣ What is the starting point of a scientific investigation?
- A) Hypothesis ✅
- B) Theory
- C) Observation
- D) Data
Explanation: A hypothesis is an initial educated guess or assumption that guides the direction of research.
8️⃣ What do we call the information gathered from an experiment?
- A) Hypothesis
- B) Data ✅
- C) Theory
- D) Observation
Explanation: Data refers to the measurements and observations collected during experiments.
9️⃣ Which is the correct order of steps in the scientific method?
- A) Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Deduction → Theory
- B) Observation → Deduction → Hypothesis → Theory → Experiment
- C) Hypothesis → Observation → Deduction → Experiment → Theory
- D) Observation → Hypothesis → Deduction → Experiment → Theory ✅
Explanation: This sequence reflects the standard logical order used in scientific inquiry.
🔟 Which statement correctly distinguishes between hypothesis and theory?
- A) Theories are hypotheses that have been proven true
- B) Theories are based on limited data; hypotheses are based on a wide range
- C) Theories are uncertain; hypotheses are certain
- D) A hypothesis is an educated guess; a theory is a well-tested explanation ✅
Explanation: A hypothesis is a testable prediction, while a theory is an explanation supported by evidence.
1️⃣1️⃣ Malaria is caused by:
- A) Mosquito
- B) Stagnant water
- C) Swamp
- D) Plasmodium ✅
Explanation: The mosquito is the vector, but the disease is actually caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium.
1️⃣2️⃣ A person shows Plasmodium in their blood but no symptoms of malaria. What could this mean?
- A) Plasmodium are dead
- B) Plasmodium are in incubation period ✅
- C) Plasmodium are not mature
- D) Plasmodium are inactive
Explanation: During the incubation period, the parasite is present in the body but symptoms have not yet appeared.
1️⃣3️⃣ A control experiment is one that:
- A) Proceeds slowly enough to record results
- B) Includes control and experimental groups tested in parallel ✅
- C) Is repeated many times for accuracy
- D) Helps test predictions slowly
Explanation: A control experiment includes both control and test groups to compare results reliably.
1️⃣4️⃣ Which option correctly matches diseases with their mosquito vectors?
| Disease | Correct Vector |
|---|---|
| Malaria in humans | Anopheles |
| Malaria in birds | Culex |
| Dengue fever | Aedes |
- A) Anopheles – Aedes – Culex
- B) Aedes – Culex – Anopheles
- C) Anopheles – Culex – Aedes ✅
- D) Culex – Anopheles – Aedes
Explanation: This matching shows the correct vectors responsible for transmitting the diseases.
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