🔍 Class 10 Chemistry – Solved Short Questions Chapter 01
History Of Chemistry
✅ Q1: Explain the principle of conservation of mass in chemical reactions?
Ans: The principle of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. The total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.
✅ Q2: What is the role of empirical evidence in scientific research?
Ans: Empirical evidence helps scientists support ideas through observations and experiments. It makes results more reliable.
✅ Q3: Describe the peer review process and its importance in science?
✅ Q4: How did the phlogiston theory explain combustion?
Ans: The phlogiston theory stated that a fire-like substance called phlogiston was released during burning.
✅ Q5: What is the significance of Rutherford’s model of the atom?
Ans: Rutherford's model showed that atoms have a dense central nucleus with electrons around it, changing our view of atomic structure.
✅ Q6: How does the periodic table organize elements?
Ans: The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number and groups elements with similar properties together.
✅ Q7: Define scientific paradigm with an example?
Ans: A scientific paradigm is a widely accepted theory or model.
Example: Atomic theory replaced the phlogiston theory.
✅ Q8: What does a confidence level in scientific research indicate?
Ans: It shows how sure scientists are about their results. A 95% confidence level means results are likely correct 95 out of 100 times.
✅ Q9: Differentiate between repeatability and reproducibility in experiments?
Ans:
- Repeatability means getting the same results using the same method.
- Reproducibility means getting the same results with different methods or scientists.
✅ Q10: Why is skepticism important in the scientific community?
Ans: Skepticism helps scientists question and test ideas. It avoids blind acceptance and leads to better, verified knowledge.
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